Eight Sights of Canton / 羊城八景


Eight Sights of Canton (Chinese: 羊城八景; literally "Eight Sights of the Ram City"), or Eight Views of Guangzhou, is the name of various collections of the eight most famous tourist attractions in Guangzhou, China named in different historical eras.

Contents

[hide]
1 Song Dynasty
2 Yuan Dynasty
3 Ming Dynasty
4 Qing Dynasty
4.1 Qianlong years
4.2 Middle & Later Periods of Qing Dynasty
5 1963
6 1986
7 2002
8 2011
9 References
9.1 Other references
[edit] Song Dynasty

The Eight Sights of Guangzhou in Song Dynasty were recorded in the Annals of Nanhai County (simplified Chinese: 《南海县志》) of Kangxi era and the Annals of Guangzhou Prefecture (simplified Chinese: 《广州府志》) of Qianlong era. Most of the sights were closely related to water bodies in the city, reflecting its tight cultural connection to water.[1]

Fuxu Yuri
Fuxu Yuri (simplified Chinese: 扶胥浴日) referred to Yuri Pavilion in Fuxu Town, located in today's Miaotou Village, Nan'gang Town to the east of Nanhai Temple. Yuri Pavilion used to overlook the Pearl River. At dawn, the sun could be seen rising amidst the waves of the river. The pavilion has survived till the modern days, but the riverside has retreated by hundreds of metres. Trees and buildings standing on the allivial land now completely blocks the view of the river from the pavilion.
Shimen Fanzhao
Shimen Fanzhao (simplified Chinese: 石门返照; literally "reflections of Shimen") was located at the intersection of a tributary of Bei River with Liuxi River in today's Shimen Village, Jianggao Town in Baiyn District. The sourrounding mountains were reflected upon the river. The sun at dawn and dusk would add to the splendor of the sight. Occasionally, mirages could be seen above the water. Legend had it that the view of Shaozhou of hundreds of li away had been seen in a mirage.
Haishan Xiaoji
Haishan Xiaoji (simplified Chinese: 海山晓霁; literally "Haishan Building after dawn shower") referred to Haishan Building. Located at today's Beijing Lu, Haishan Building had an immediate view of the Pearl River thanks to the width of the river at its time. The sight disappeared in Yuan Dynasty as the building suffered a fire and collapsed.
Zhujiang Qiuse
Zhujiang Qiuse (simplified Chinese: 珠江秋色; literally "autumn scenery of Pearl River") was found near the intersection of today's Yanjiang Xilu and Xindi 1 Henglu. In Song Dynasty, this segment of Pearl River running through Guangzhou was still as wide as one kilometre. A round islet, Haizhu Islet, lay in the middle of the river. Tides would submerge and expose the islet every day. The river has since narrowed over the course of time. Haizhu Islet became buried underground inland in the 1930s.
Juhu Yunying
Juhu Yunying (simplified Chinese: 菊湖云影; literally "reflections of clouds on Juhu Lake") referred to Juhu Lake, a reservoir constructed by Lu Gou, Prefectural Governor of Guangzhou and Military Commissioner of Lingnan in 836 of Tang Dynasty. The reservoir was decorated with pavilions and pagodas; kapoks and erythrinas were planted along the blanks. It became a popular scenic spot for spring-time excursions of the local residents. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, Southern Han established an imperial palace at the reservoir. The reservoir silted and dried up in Yuan Dynasty. Today's Xiaobei Lu runs by the southeast of Yuexiu Mountain through the place where the reservoir was located.
Pujian Lianquan
Pujian Lianquan (simplified Chinese: 蒲涧濂泉) was a creek on Baiyun Mountain. The name "Pujian" came from the calami growing in the creek. Creek water fell off a tall cliff and was blown into countless droplets by the mountain breeze. When it rained, the falling droplets became a waterfall, then a spring emerged and was called Lianquan Spring. Today's Pujian Creek has changed its course, and calami are no longer found in it. The remains of the waterfall of Lianquan Spring can be found at the north end of Lianquan Lu.
Guangxiao Puti
Guangxiao Puti (simplified Chinese: 光孝菩提; literally "Pipal in Guangxiao Temple") referred to Guangxiao Temple. In 676, a revered monk named Zhiyao planted a pipal in the temple. The tree lived for more than 1,100 years until it was brought down by a typhoon in 1800. In 1802, a new tree was planted and was a descendant of the older tree, which can be found in the temple today.
Datong Yanyu
Datong Yanyu (simplified Chinese: 大通烟雨) referred to Datong Temple and Yanyu Well in the temple. Yanyu Well was said to be capable of forecasting weather. When rain was about to fall, fog would rise from the well. The temple was were reduced to debris during the occupation of Guangzhou by the Japanese forces. Located in Fangcun by the mouth of Huadi River, only several street names were left of the temple, and only one of those streets is still found today.
[edit] Yuan Dynasty

The Eight Sights of Guangzhou in Yuan Dynasty retained four sights of those in Song Dyansty while adding four new ones. The four sights from Song Dynasty were all water-related; meanwhile, the four new ones were all mountain sights. All eight sights were found outside the city walls.[1]

Fuxu Yuri
Shimen Fanzhao
Datong Yanyu
Pujian Lianquan
See "Song Dynasty".
Baiyun Wanwang
Baiyun Wanwang (simplified Chinese: 白云晚望) referred to the view of the city of Guangzhou at dusk from Baiyun Temple on Baiyun Mountain. Baiyun Temple was located on the south side of Baiyun Mountain. In Yuan Dynasty, the city boundaries were still quite far away from Baiyun Mountain. Therefore, at Baiyun Temple, the view of the entire city could be seen and was particularly splendid at dusk. The location of the sight has now become a popular spot for moon sighting on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Jingtai Senggui
Jingtai Senggui (simplified Chinese: 景泰僧归; literally "monks returning to Jingtai Temple") referred to Jingtai Temple on the north side of Baiyun Mountain. It was established by a famous monk named Jingtai in Datong era (simplified Chinese: 大同) during the reign of Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty. The temple had since gradually become a popular tourist attraction. The sight was destroyed in early Qing Dynasty when armies of Shang Kexi and Geng Zhongming logged trees in the area for building cannons during their invasion of Guangzhou.
Yuetai Qiuse
Yuetai Qiuse (simplified Chinese: 粤台秋色; literally "autumn sights at Yuewang Platform") referred to Yuexiu Mountain. Yuewang Platform was the earliest recreational spot in Guangzhou. Built during Western Han, only the pedestal was left to be found in Tang Dynasty. The sight was then known for its natural landscape.

Lingzhou Aofu
Lingzhou Aofu (simplified Chinese: 灵洲鳌负; literally "Mount Lingzhou carried by a godly turtle") referred to Mount Lingzhou located in today's Guanyao Town, Nanhai District, Foshan to the northwest of Guangzhou. In Yuan Dynasty, the nearby Xinan and Lubao Streams had not silted. The mount was surrounded by vast water in all directions. Passengers travelling by the mount would climb it for a sightseeing trip of the mount itself as well as Xi and Bei Rivers. The sight declined over the last 300 years as the surrounding water narrowed and transportation became inconvenient.
[edit] Ming Dynasty

The Eight Sights of Guangzhou of Ming Dynasty were recorded in Transcripts of Ancient Manuscripts on Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 《羊城古钞》), which quoted Annals of Ming (simplified Chinese: 《明志》) as well as Continued Annals of Nanhai County (simplified Chinese: 《南海县续志》), compiled in 1910. The list of this era saw a radical departure from that of Song Dynasty. As the city boundaries expanded, only sights located in the urban areas were selected.[2]

Yuexiu Songtao
Yuexiu Songtao (simplified Chinese: 粤秀松涛; literally "pines on Yuexiu Mountain")
Suishi Dongtian
Suishi Dongtian (simplified Chinese: 穗石洞天; literally "scenes of Sui Rock")
Panshan Yunqi
Panshan Yunqi (simplified Chinese: 番山云气; literally "fogs on Mount Pan")
Yaozhou Cunxiao
Yaozhou Cunxiao (simplified Chinese: 药洲春晓; literally "spring dawn on Yaozhou Islet")
Qilin Sujing
Zhujiang Qinglan
Xiangshan Qiaoge
Xiangshan Qiaoge (simplified Chinese: 象山樵歌; literally "woodcutters singing on Mount Xianggang")
Liwan Yuchang
Liwan Yuchang (simplified Chinese: 荔湾渔唱; literally "fishers singing in Lychee Bay")
[edit] Qing Dynasty

Eight Views of The Ram City were chosen through public appraisal twice in Qing Dynasty. The first election was in Qianlong years and the second was in middle and later periods of Qing Dynasty, namely years from Tongzhi Emperor to Guangxu Emperor.

[edit] Qianlong years

Quoted from Yangcheng Guchao (Chinese: 《羊城古鈔》; pinyin: yáng chéng gǔ chāo; literally "Ram City Ancient Manuscripts").

Wu Xian Xia Dong (Chinese: 五仙霞洞; pinyin: wǔ xiān xiá dòng; literally "Five Immortals Taoist Temple In Rosy Cloud Cavity"): Five Immortals Taoist Temple
Pa Zhou Di Zhu (Chinese: 琶洲砥柱; pinyin: pá zhōu dǐ zhù; literally "Pazhou Pagoda As An Axial Column"): Pazhou Pagoda
Gu Wu Yu Shan (Chinese: 孤兀禺山; pinyin: gū wù yú shān; literally "Lone Towering Yushan Mountain"): Academy on Yushan Mountain
Zhen Hai Ceng Lou (Chinese: 镇海层楼; pinyin: zhèn hǎi céng lóu; literally "Zhenhai Tower (Five Storeyed Pagoda)"): Zhenhai Tower
Fu Qiu Dan Jing (Chinese: 浮丘丹井; pinyin: fú qiū dān jǐng; literally "Fuqiu Reef And Alchemy Well"): Fuqiu Reef
Xi Qiao Yun Pu (Chinese: 西樵云瀑; pinyin: xī qiáo yún pù; literally "Waterfall From Clouds On Xiqiao Mountain"): Xiqiao Mountain
Dong Hai Yu Zhu (Chinese: 东海鱼珠; pinyin: dōng hǎi yú zhū; literally "Yuzhu Reef At East Sea"): Yuzhu Reef
Yue Xiu Lian Feng (Chinese: 粤秀连峰; pinyin: yuè xiǔ lián fēng; literally "The Long Sweep Of Hills Of Yuexiu Mountain"): Yuexiu Mountain
[edit] Middle & Later Periods of Qing Dynasty

Quoted from Yuedong Biji (Chinese: 《粤东笔记》; pinyin: yuè dōng bǐ jì; literally "Miscellanea of East Guangdong").

Shi Men Fan Zhao (Chinese: 石门返照; pinyin: shí mén fǎn zhào; literally "Shimen Reflection"): Shimen and Small Beijiang River
Bo Luo Yu Ri (Chinese: 菠萝浴日; pinyin: bō luó yù rì; literally "Pineapple Temple Bathed In Sunlight") or Fu Xu Yu Ri (Chinese: 扶胥浴日; pinyin: fú xū yù rì; literally "Fuxu Bathed In Sunlight"): Temple of Nanhai God, alternatively called Pineapple Temple.
Zhu Jiang Ye Yue (Chinese: 珠江夜月; pinyin: zhū jiāng yè yuè; literally "Moonlight On Pearl River") or Hai Zhu Ye Yue (Chinese: 海珠夜月; pinyin: hǎi zhū yè yuè; literally "Moonlight On Haizhu Reef"): Pearl River
Jin Shan Gu Si (Chinese: 金山古寺; pinyin: jīn shān gǔ sì; literally "Jinshan Mountain Ancient Temple"): Lingzhou[disambiguation needed] and Small Jinshan Mountain Temple
Da Tong Yan Yu (Chinese: 大通烟雨; pinyin: dà tōng yān yǔ; literally "Datong Temple and Yanyu Well"): Datong Temple and Yanyu Well
Bai Yun Wan Wang (Chinese: 白云晚望; pinyin: bái yún wǎn wàng; literally "Night View Of Baiyun Temple"): Baiyun Temple
Pu Jian Lian Quan (Chinese: 蒲涧濂泉; pinyin: pú jiàn lián quán; literally "Changpu Creek and Lianquan Spring"): Changpu Creek
Jing Tai Seng Gui (Chinese: 景泰僧归; pinyin: jǐng tài sēng guī; literally "Monks Returning to Jingtai Temple"): Jingtai Temple
[edit] 1963

Bai Yun Song Tao (Chinese: 白云松涛; pinyin: bái yún sōng tāo; literally "Soughing Of The Wind In The Pines On Baiyun Mountain"): Baiyun Mountain, Moxing Peak and Mingzhu Pagoda
Luo Gang Xiang Xue (Chinese: 萝岗香雪; pinyin: luó gǎng xiāng xuě; literally "Luogang Xiangxue (Placename)"): Luogang Xiangxue Park, Luofeng Temple
Yue Xiu Yuan Tiao (Chinese: 越秀远眺; pinyin: yuè xiù yuǎn tiào; literally "Bird's-eye View of Yuexiu Mountain"): Yuexiu Mountain, Zhenhai Tower, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Monument
Zhu Hai Dan Xin (Chinese: 珠海丹心; pinyin: zhū hǎi dān xīn; literally "Loyalty Of Pearl River"): Haizhu Square and its nearby scenic spots centering about Guangzhou Liberation Monument
Hong Ling Xu Ri (Chinese: 红陵旭日; pinyin: hóng líng xù rì; literally "The Rising Sun Above The Red(representing Communist) Mausoleum"): Memorial Mausoleum to the Martyrs in Guangzhou Uprising, or Martyrs' Park as more commonly known
Shuang Qiao Yan Yu (Chinese: 双桥烟雨; pinyin: shuāng qiáo yān yǔ; literally "Misty Rain On Twin Bridges"): Zhujiang Bridge
E Tan Ye Yue (Chinese: 鹅潭夜月; pinyin: é tán yè yuè; literally "Moonlight on Bai'etan"): Bai'etan and Shamian Island
Dong Hu Chun Xiao (Chinese: 东湖春晓; pinyin: dōng hú chūn xiǎo; literally "A Spring Sunrise Above Dongshan Lake"): Dongshan Lake Park
[edit] 1986

Hong Ling Xu Ri (Chinese: 红陵旭日; pinyin: hóng líng xù rì; literally "The Rising Sun Above The Red(representing Communist) Mausoleum"): Memorial Mausoleum to the Martyrs in Guangzhou Uprising, or Martyrs' Park as more commonly known
Huang Pu Yun Qiang (Chinese: 黄埔云樯; pinyin: huáng pǔ yún qiáng; literally "Masts In The Clouds At Huangpu Port"): Huangpu Port and Xinsha Port
Yun Shan Jin Xiu (Chinese: 云山锦绣; pinyin: yún shān jǐn xiù; literally "Baiyun Mountain as Splendid as Brocade"): Baiyun Mountain
Zhu Hai Qing Bo (Chinese: 珠海晴波; pinyin: zhū hǎi qíng bō; literally "Clear Waves On Pearl River"): Haizhu Square
Huang Hua Hao Qi (Chinese: 黄花浩气; pinyin: huáng huā hào qì; literally "Noble Spirit of Huanghuagang"): Mausoleum of 72 Martyrs at Huanghuagang, or Huanghuagang Park as more commonly known
Yue Xiu Ceng Lou (Chinese: 越秀层楼; pinyin: yuè xiù céng lóu; literally "Zhenhai Tower(Five Storeyed Pagoda) On Yuexiu Mountain"): Zhenhai Tower
Liu Hua Yu Yu (Chinese: 流花玉宇; pinyin: liú huā yù yǔ; literally "Residence of Immortals In Liuhua"): Buildings surrounding China Import And Export Fair(Canton Fair) Building (Liuhua Pavilion) and Guangzhou Railway Station
Long Dong Qi Lin (Chinese: 龙洞琪林; pinyin: lóng dòng qí lín; literally "Beautiful Scene Of Forests In Longdong"): South China Botanical Garden
[edit] 2002

The followings are those chosen through public appraisal in 2001 and brought out in 2002.

Yun Shan Die Cui (Chinese: 云山叠翠; pinyin: yún shān dié cuì; literally "Baiyun Mountain Green and In Arranged Well"): Baiyun Mountain
Zhu Shui Ye Yun (Chinese: 珠水夜韵; pinyin: zhū shuǐ yè yùn; literally "Lingering Charm of Pearl River At Night"): Pearl River
Yue Xiu Xin Hui (Chinese: 越秀新晖; pinyin: yuè xiù xīn huī; literally "Sunshine On Yuexiu Mountain"): Yuexiu Mountain
Tian He Piao Juan (Chinese: 天河飘绢; pinyin: tiān hé piāo juàn; literally "Floating Silk In Tianhe"): CITIC Plaza and The Artificial Waterfall at Guangzhou East Railway Station Square
Gu Ci Liu Fang (Chinese: 古祠流芳; pinyin: gǔ cí liú fāng; literally "Ancient Academy Leaving A Good Name"): Chen Clan Academy and Guangdong Folk Craftwork Museum
Huang Hua Hao Yue (Chinese: 黄花皓月; pinyin: huáng huā hào yuè; literally "Noble Moon Above Huanghuagang"): Mausoleum of 72 Martyrs at Huanghuagang, or Huanghuagang Park as more commonly known
Wu Huan Chen Xi (Chinese: 五环晨曦; pinyin: wǔ huán chén xī; literally "First Sun Rays In The Morning On The Five Rings"): Guangdong Olympic Stadium, or known as Aoti Main Stadium
Lian Feng Guan Hai (Chinese: 莲峰观海; pinyin: lián fēng guān hǎi; literally "View Of The Sea From Lianhua Mountain"): Panyu Lianhua Mountain
[edit] 2011

The followings are those chosen through public appraisal and brought out in 2011.

Ta Yao Xin Cheng (Chinese: 塔耀新城; pinyin: tǎ yào xīn chéng; literally "Tower Shining Through The Bew Town"): Canton Tower, Chigang Pagoda, Haixinsha[disambiguation needed], Flower City Square, Guangzhou Twin Towers, CITIC Plaza and etc.
Zhu Shui Liu Guang (Chinese: 珠水流光; pinyin: zhū shuǐ liú guāng; literally "Pearl River Flowing and Shining"): Pearl River (segment from Bai'etan to Pazhou), Wharves, Bai'etan, Shamian Island, Yanjiang Lu, Ersha Island, Haixinsha, Guangzhou Convention and Exhibition Center and etc.
Yun Shan Die Cui (Chinese: 云山叠翠; pinyin: yún shān dié cuì; literally "Baiyun Mountain Green and In Arranged Well"): Baiyun Mountain, Yuntai Garden and etc.
Yue Xiu Feng Hua (Chinese: 越秀风华; pinyin: yuè xiù fēng huá; literally "Elegance and Talent of Yuexiu Mountain"): Yuexiu Mountain, Zhenhai Tower, Five Rams Statue, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Monument and etc.
Gu Ci Liu Fang (Chinese: 古祠流芳; pinyin: gǔ cí liú fāng; literally "Ancient Academy Leaving A Good Name"): Chen Clan Academy and Guangdong Folk Craftwork Museum
Li Wan Sheng Jing (Chinese: 荔湾胜景; pinyin: lì wān shèng jǐng; literally "Wonderful Scenery of Liwan"): Litchi Bay, Liwan Lake, Arcades on Enning Lu, Xiguan Residences and etc.
Ke Cheng Jin Xiu (Chinese: 科城锦绣; pinyin: kē chéng jǐn xiù; literally "Science City as Splendid as Brocade"): Guangzhou Science City
Shi Di Chang Wan (Chinese: 湿地唱晚; pinyin: shī dì chàng wǎn; literally "Wetland Singing at Night"): Nansha Wetland Park
[edit] References

^ a b "寻找历代羊城八景" (in Chinese). Guangzhou Daily: p. B5. 2007-08-25. http://gzdaily.dayoo.com/page/1/2007-08 ... B5_pdf.pdf. Retrieved 2011-06-26.
^ "羊城八景穿越历史风云" (in Chinese). Guangzhou Daily: p. B6. 2007-08-25. http://gzdaily.dayoo.com/page/1/2007-08 ... B6_pdf.pdf. Retrieved 2011-06-26.
[edit] Other references

"古今羊城八景" (in Chinese). Southcn.com. 2004-03-10. http://www.southcn.com/news/gdnews/hots ... 100751.htm. Retrieved 2011-06-26.
"羊城八景寻迹" (in Chinese). Yangcheng Evening News. 2010-12-31. http://www.ycwb.com/ePaper/ycwb/html/20 ... 007393.htm. Retrieved 2011-06-26.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight_Sights_of_Guangzhou